Matrilineal diversity and population history of Norwegians

Background While well known for its Viking past, Norway's population history and the influences that have shaped genetic diversity are less understood. This is particularly true with respect to demography, migration patterns, dialectal regions, despite there being curated historical records past several centuries. In this study, we undertook an analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) within country elaborate from a matrilineal perspective. Methods We aggregated 1174 partial modern Norwegian mtDNA sequences published literature subjected them detailed statistical phylogenetic by regions localities. further contextualized ancestry Norwegians data Mesolithic, Iron Age, historic period populations. Results Modern mtDNAs fell into eight West Eurasian (N, HV, JT, I, U, K, X, W), five East (A, F, G, N11, Z), one African (L2) haplogroups. Pairwise molecular variance (AMOVA) estimates all indicated they were differentiated each other at 1.68% (p < 0.001). same region also showed similarities other, although differences between subpopulations observed. addition, certain lineages in found among prehistoric populations, suggesting some level continuity over hundreds many thousands years. Conclusions provides picture variation Norway light topography, settlement history, migrations